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CentOS下建立本地YUM源并自动更新

作者:佚名    责任编辑:admin    更新时间:2022-06-22

  1. 尽管有很多的免费镜像提供yum源服务,但是还是有必要建立自己的yum服务器,主要出于以下几点考虑:

  l 网络速度:访问互联网可能比较慢

  l 节省带宽:如果有大量的服务器,架设自己的yum源可以有效节省互联网带宽

  l 联网限制:对于有些内网服务器,不能连接到互联网

  l 对于RHEL(Redhat Enterprise Linux),需要购买服务

  l 便于发布自己开发的rpm包

  2. 找到适合你的站点的yum同步源,主要是CentOS标准软件仓库、epel、以及rpmforge

  CentOS标准仓库选择列表

  Asian:

  http://www.centos.org/modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=32

  North American

  http://www.centos.org/modules/tinycontent/index.php?id=30

  Epel源选择列表

  http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/publiclist/EPEL/

  Rpmforge源

  http://apt.sw.be/

  要选尽量离你的local服务器近的地区,并支持RSYNC,方便更新同步

  我选择的是Linux Kernel Archives

  CentOS标准软件仓库

  rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos

  Epel源

  rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel

  Rpmforge源

  rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag

  rsync://mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/dag

  3. 编写同步脚本,根据需求进行自动同步

  [root@cc-system-manager1 bin]# vi update_yum_source.sh

  #!/bin/bash

  #==========================================

  # Program : update_yum_source.sh

  # Info : 定期同步官方 yum 源到本机

  # Version : 2013.03.05 First Release

  #==========================================

  Date=`date +%Y%m%d`

  LogFile="/tmp/update_yum_source.log"

  CentOSTrunkVer="5"

  CentOSCurrentVer="5.9"

  RsyncBin="/usr/bin/rsync"

  RsyncPerm="-avrt --delete --exclude=debug/ --exclude=isos/"

  CentOS_Trunk_Ver_Path="/servers/yum_update/$CentOSTrunkVer"

  CentOS_Current_Ver_Path="/servers/yum_update/$CentOSCurrentVer"

  YumSiteList="rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/centos"

  echo "---- $Date `date +%T` Begin ----" >>$LogFile

  # centos 5

  $RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $YumSiteList/$CentOSTrunkVer/

  $CentOS_Trunk_Ver_Path/ >> $LogFile

  # centos 5.9

  $RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $YumSiteList/$CentOSCurrentVer/

  $CentOS_Current_Ver_Path/ >> $LogFile

  echo "---- $Date `date +%T` End ----" >> $LogFile

  [root@cc-system-manager1 bin]# vi update_epel_source.sh

  #!/bin/bash

  #==========================================

  # Program : update_epel_source.sh

  # Info : 定期同步官方 epel 源到本机

  # Version : 2013.03.05 First Release

  #==========================================

  Date=`date +%Y%m%d`

  LogFile="/tmp/update_epel_source.log"

  RsyncBin="/usr/bin/rsync"

  RsyncPerm="-avrt --delete --exclude=4/ --exclude=4AS/ --exclude=4ES/ --exclude=4WS/ --exclude=6/ --exclude=testing/"

  #============ epel ==============

  epelSite="rsync://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora-epel"

  epelLocalPath="/servers/epel"

  echo "---- $Date `date +%T` Begin ----" >>$LogFile

  # epel

  $RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $epelSite $epelLocalPath >> $LogFile

  echo "---- $Date `date +%T` End ----" >> $LogFile

  [root@cc-system-manager1 bin]# vi update_rpmforge_socure.sh

  #!/bin/bash

  #==========================================

  # Program : update_rpmforge_source.sh

  # Info : 定期同步官方 rpmforge 源到本机

  # Version : 2013.03.05 First Release

  #==========================================

  Date=`date +%Y%m%d`

  LogFile="/tmp/update_rpmforge_source.log"

  RsyncBin="/usr/bin/rsync"

  RsyncPerm="-avrt --delete --exclude=i386/ --exclude=ppc/ --exclude=source/"

  # rpmforge

  #rpmforgeSite="rsync://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/"

  rpmforgeSite="rsync://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/redhat/el5/en/"

  rpmforgeLocalPath="/servers/rpmforge"

  echo "---- $Date `date +%T` Begin ----" >>$LogFile

  # rpmforge

  $RsyncBin $RsyncPerm $rpmforgeSite $rpmforgeLocalPath >> $LogFile

  echo "---- $Date `date +%T` End ----" >> $LogFile

  4. 在apache的配置文件里做好相应的软连接或者修改主目录指向

  cd /var/www/html/

  ln -s /servers/yum_update/ yum

  ln -s /servers/epel epel

  ln -s /servers/rpmforge rpmforge

  5. 分别创建3个repo的配置文件,指向本地源所在的服务器,注意目录

  [root@cc-monitor yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo

  [base]

  name=CentOS-$releasever - Base

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/os/$basearch/

  gpgcheck=1

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

  #released updates

  [updates]

  name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/updates/$basearch/

  gpgcheck=1

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

  #packages used/produced in the build but not released

  [addons]

  name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/addons/$basearch/

  gpgcheck=1

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

  #additional packages that may be useful

  [extras]

  name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/extras/$basearch/

  gpgcheck=1

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

  #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

  [centosplus]

  name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/

  gpgcheck=1

  enabled=0

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

  #contrib - packages by Centos Users

  [contrib]

  name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/yum/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/

  gpgcheck=1

  enabled=0

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

  [root@cc-monitor yum.repos.d]# vi epel.repo

  [epel]

  name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/epel/5/$basearch

  failovermethod=priority

  enabled=1

  gpgcheck=1

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL

  [epel-debuginfo]

  name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Debug

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/epel/5/$basearch/debug

  failovermethod=priority

  enabled=0

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL

  gpgcheck=1

  [epel-source]

  name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - $basearch - Source

  baseurl=http://172.25.6.8/epel/5/SRPMS

  failovermethod=priority

  enabled=0

  gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL

  gpgcheck=1

  [root@cc-monitor yum.repos.d]# vi rpmforge.repo

  [rpmforge]

  name = RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag

  baseurl = http://172.25.6.8/rpmforge/$basearch/rpmforge

  enabled = 1

  protect = 0