本文实例讲述了python实现的用于搜索文件并进行内容替换的类。分享给大家供大家参考。具体实现方法如下：

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 #!/usr/bin/python -O # coding: UTF-8 """ -replace string in files (recursive) -display the difference. v0.2 - search_string can be a re.compile() object -> use re.sub for replacing v0.1 - initial version Useable by a small "client" script, e.g.: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #!/usr/bin/python -O # coding: UTF-8 import sys, re #sys.path.insert(0,"/path/to/git/repro/") # Please change path from replace_in_files import SearchAndReplace SearchAndReplace( search_path = "/to/the/files/", # e.g.: simple string replace: search_string = 'the old string', replace_string = 'the new string', # e.g.: Regular expression replacing (used re.sub) #search_string = re.compile('{% url (.*?) %}'), #replace_string = "{% url 'g<1>' %}", search_only = True, # Display only the difference #search_only = False, # write the new content file_filter=("*.py",), # fnmatch-Filter ) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- :copyleft: 2009-2011 by Jens Diemer """ __author__ = "Jens Diemer" __license__ = """GNU General Public License v3 or above - http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-license.php""" __url__ = "http://www.jensdiemer.de" __version__ = "0.2" import os, re, time, fnmatch, difflib # FIXME: see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4730121/cant-get-an-objects-class-name-in-python RE_TYPE = type(re.compile("")) class SearchAndReplace(object): def __init__(self, search_path, search_string, replace_string, search_only=True, file_filter=("*.*",)): self.search_path = search_path self.search_string = search_string self.replace_string = replace_string self.search_only = search_only self.file_filter = file_filter assert isinstance(self.file_filter, (list, tuple)) # FIXME: see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4730121/cant-get-an-objects-class-name-in-python self.is_re = isinstance(self.search_string, RE_TYPE) print "Search '%s' in [%s]..." % ( self.search_string, self.search_path ) print "_" * 80 time_begin = time.time() file_count = self.walk() print "_" * 80 print "%s files searched in %0.2fsec." % ( file_count, (time.time() - time_begin) ) def walk(self): file_count = 0 for root, dirlist, filelist in os.walk(self.search_path): if ".svn" in root: continue for filename in filelist: for file_filter in self.file_filter: if fnmatch.fnmatch(filename, file_filter): self.search_file(os.path.join(root, filename)) file_count += 1 return file_count def search_file(self, filepath): f = file(filepath, "r") old_content = f.read() f.close() if self.is_re or self.search_string in old_content: new_content = self.replace_content(old_content, filepath) if self.is_re and new_content == old_content: return print filepath self.display_plaintext_diff(old_content, new_content) def replace_content(self, old_content, filepath): if self.is_re: new_content = self.search_string.sub(self.replace_string, old_content) if new_content == old_content: return old_content else: new_content = old_content.replace( self.search_string, self.replace_string ) if self.search_only != False: return new_content print "Write new content into %s..." % filepath, try: f = file(filepath, "w") f.write(new_content) f.close() except IOError, msg: print "Error:", msg else: print "OK" print return new_content def display_plaintext_diff(self, content1, content2): """ Display a diff. """ content1 = content1.splitlines() content2 = content2.splitlines() diff = difflib.Differ().compare(content1, content2) def is_diff_line(line): for char in ("